// Assignment 1
// C++ STL
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cassert>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

//---------------------------------------------------
// Assignment 1, part 1:  Tests whether vectors work.

void vector_test()
{
    vector<int> vi;
    vi.push_back(42);
    vi.push_back(17);
    vi.push_back(23);
    cout << vi[0] << " " << vi[1] << " " << vi[2] << endl;
}


//---------------------------------------------------
// Assignment 1, part 2: 

// Finds a value within an array between [*begin,*end).
// This will search *begin, *(begin+1), ..., *(end-1) for
// value, using == for comparison.  It returns a pointer
// to the first match found.  If no match is found, it
// returns 'end'.
template <class T>
T *findit(T *begin, T*end, T const &value)
{
    while (begin != end)
    {
        if (value == *begin)
            break;
        ++begin;
    }
    return begin;
}

// Helper macro:
#define ARR_END(arr) (arr + sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]))

// Test the findit function template:
void findit_test()
{
    int ia[] = {42, 17, 23, 5, 13, 87};
    int *p = findit(ia,ARR_END(ia),99);
    assert(p==ARR_END(ia));
    p = findit(ia,ARR_END(ia),17);
    assert( (p!=ARR_END(ia)) && (*p == 17));
    cout << "found " << *p << endl;

    string sa[] = {"hello", "foobar", "biff"};
    string *ps = findit(sa,ARR_END(sa),string("zzzz"));
    assert(ps==ARR_END(sa));
    ps = findit(sa,ARR_END(sa),string("foobar"));
    assert((ps!=ARR_END(sa)) && (*ps == "foobar"));
    cout << "found " << *ps << endl;
}

//---------------------------------------------------
// Assignment 1, part 3:

template <class T>
int countit(T *begin, T *end, T elem_to_count)
{
    int count = 0;
    T *p = begin;
    while (end != (p = findit(p,end,elem_to_count)))
    {
        ++count;
        ++p;
    }
    return count;
} 

void count_test()
{
    int numbers[] = {2,7,1,8,2,8,1,8,2,8};
    cout << "There are " << countit(numbers,ARR_END(numbers),8)
         << " \"8\"'s in the array." << endl;
}

//---------------------------------------------------------
// Test driver for parts 1-3:

int main()
{
   vector_test();
   findit_test();
   count_test();
   return 0;
}